Tanko et al., J Biomed & App Sci FUD (2023) 2:1
Keywords: Body Mass Index (BMI), Nasal Index, Facial Index, Hausa and Yoruba
2024-02-28 DOI: JOBASFUD_2022_1_2_030
Background: Facial and nasal indices are important cephalometric parameters useful in inter- racial and intra- racial morphological classification and categorization. Body Mass Index is used to identify underweight, overweight and obese individuals. This study was carried out to determine the Naso- Facial indices and Body Mass Index of Yoruba and Hausa ethnic group students in Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, aged 18-25 years. Materials and Methods: Five hundred (500) students were used in this study, out of which two hundred and Sixty-five (265) were of Hausa ethnic group, of which 119 were females and 146 males, while two hundred and thirty-five (235) were of Yoruba ethnic group, of which 104 were males and 131 females. All the subjects in the study participated voluntarily and were previously informed of the nature and purpose of the study. A questionnaire which consisted of personal data was issued to the subjects, which they filled and summited. The anthropometric data were measured using weighing balance, stadiometer, sliding vernier caliper and digital spreading caliper. The data obtained from the study were subjected to statistical analyses and expressed as Mean ± SD (Standard Deviation). Independent Student T-test was used to compare the mean difference between the sexes. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare means of more than two groups. A Pearson correlation analysis was carried out to determine the degree of relationship and Linear regression analysis was carried out and regression equation formula was also generated for estimation. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The Yoruba ethnic group was observed to have BMI of 22.36 ± 3.40, platyrrhine nose, nasal index of 96.76 ± 8.14, Mesoprosopic face and facial index of 85.99 ± 12.86, while the Hausa ethnic group was observed to have BMI of 21.22 ± 3.77, Mesorrhine nose type, nasal index of 80.58 ± 7.13, Euriprosopic face type and facial index of 83.11 ± 10.19. Sexual dimorphism existed in both ethnic groups. Conclusion: Prediction of naso-facial indices can be done using facial length, facial width, nasal width and nasal length. In conclusion, BMI and naso-facial indices were observed to differ among the Hausa and Yoruba ethnic groups.