Atiku et al., JOBASFUD_2024_3_2_015
Keywords: Fingerprint, white-line, ethnic differences, sexual dimorphism, Michika, Higgi, Fulani.
2025-05-31 DOI: JOBASFUD_2024_3_2_015
Background: Human identification and authentication in biometrics and forensic sciences have been key processes particularly with the advent of smart technology. Fingerprint is crucial in this regard. Aim: This study aimed to determine ethnic variation and sexual dimorphism in fingerprint white line of Fulani and Higgi tribes of Michika, Nigeria. Methodology: 511 participants of 5 to 19 years were recruited. These constituted both Fulani and Higgi male and female. Fingerprints of all ten digits were captured using live scanner device and white line counts were determined. Data were expressed in mean ± SD, frequency and percentages. Sexual dimorphism and ethnic differences were determined using independent sample t test. SPSS version 26.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis and p < 0.05 was set as the level of significance. Results: White lines showed significant ethnic differences in both sexes and on both hands, the largest t = 3.73 and p < 0.001 was recorded in female left thumbs. Fulani displayed more white lines with a larger mean of 2.18 ± 1.97 than the Higgi with a mean of 1.34 ± 1.57. Significant sex differences were observed in all the fingers with a p < 0.001 all through, the largest t = 4.47, was recorded in index of Fulani right hand, where female displayed more white lines with a larger mean of 0.96 ± 1.84 than male with a mean of 0.19 ± 0.55. Conclusion: The study revealed ethnic differences and sexual dimorphism in fingerprint white lines of Fulani and Higgi tribes of Michika, Adamawa state, Nigeria. The data generated in this study would be used as a reference data of the population in a forensic investigation.